Cover image: Asthma/COPD overlap (ACO) is a diagnostic label which attempts to consider the overlapping clinical features of each condition. However, numerous definitions and unclear treatment limits its clinical value. (Illustration credit: Dr Ciléin Kearns) See Kearns et al on p781-783 and Barrecheguren et al., p836-849.

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In the present study, we found that baseline measures of small airway function by forced oscillation technique (FOT) and multiple‐breath nitrogen washout (MBNW) predicted improved asthma control upon inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) up‐titration, suggesting that FOT and MBNW may provide important markers for assessing ICS responsiveness.

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Lack of consensus on the diagnosis of ACO limits our understanding of impact and outcomes. We identified individuals with ACO in the CanCOLD population by using seven clinical definitions. Asthma and atopy were the features that best identified ACO, and these patients had worse outcomes.

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To better understand the natural variation of HAA (a novel quantitative CT‐based measure of subclinical ILD), we developed HAA reference equations and z‐scores to define expected values of HAA with adjustment for key demographic and anthropometric variables, and we demonstrated that HAA z‐scores correlate with several ILD features.

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We examined diagnostic delay in a large binational cohort of PAH patients. Mean and median diagnostic intervals were 2.5+/–4.1 and 1.2 (IQR: 0.6–2.7) years, respectively. Age, cardiovascular and respiratory comorbidities were associated with longer diagnostic interval. Mortality was increased in patients with greater diagnostic interval.

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The link between PLMS and cardiovascular alterations is still debated. Our current study aimed to address the effects of PLMS on BP in a large unselected OSA patient cohort, showing that the PLMS phenotype is associated with significantly elevated clinical SBP independent of confounders.

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